Electromagnetic vibrating



Jan. 7, 1936. H. E. WURZBACH ET AL 0/? ELECTROMAGNETIC VIBRATING APPARATUS A94 Original Filed July 1, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l TIUHIIIIII? INVENTORS. fi /EL'. ww zaac/, CQde ffanold, a? Z/WW/ AT TOK N S.

Jan. 7, 1936. H. E. WURZBACH ET AL 19,315

ELECTROMAGNETIC VIBRATING APPARATUS Original Filed July 1, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Z V 18 T 55 n a cappcraxlb e AiTORN s.

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Reissued Jan. 7, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ELECTROMAGNETIC VIBRATING APPARATUS Hugh E. Wurzbach and Clyde H. Konold, Magna, Utah Original No. 1,945,015, dated January 30, 1934, Serial No. 620,340, July 1, 1932. Application for reissue July 1, 1935, Serial No. 29,366

4 Claims. (Cl. 172-126) This invention relates to an improvement in electrically operated vibrating apparatus adapted for use in operating various vibrating devices such as screens, grizzlies, feeders, conveyors, froth breakers, etc.

The main object of the invention is to provide means for operating a vibrating device by positive electromagnetic action in both directions of the vibrating movement thereby obtaining a more etlective and positive action than is possible where the vibrating movement in one direction is efiected by electromagnetic means and the movement in the opposite direction is effected by resilient means operating in opposition to the electromagnetic means.

A further object of the invention is to obtain economies in construction and operation by dispensing with resilient return means operating in opposition to the electromagnetic operating means.

A further object of the invention is to provide for electromagnetic operation of vibrating devices by an electricalpower system without the aid of special frequency changers, motor generator sets or rotary convcrtors for changing the voltage, frequency or shape of the current wave in the supply circuit.

The apparatus comprises electromagnetic operating means including one or more electromagnetic units each of which comprises two electromagnetic devices operating in opposite directions upon the operated member or means, and circuit connections for alternately energizing said electromagnetic devices. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, means are provided for energizing said devices from an alternating current circuit, in such manner that the respective electromagnetic devices of each operating unit are energized alternately by alternate half waves of the alternating current. For this purpose suitable rectifying means are included in the connections from the alternating current circuit to the respective electromagnetic devices in such manner that half waves in one direction are conducted to one electromagnetic device and the half waves in the opposite direction are conducted to the other electromagnetic device, so that the said two electromagnetic devices operate alternately on suitable armature means connected to the operated members to eflect positive vibration thereof. The operated member is preferably resiliently supported to enable it to take up the vibrations imparted to enable it to take up the vibrations imparted thereto by the said electromagnetic means.

Electromagnetically operated vibratory devices have been made in which electromagnets are used to attract armatures attached to the operated vibrating member which is supported on resilient means but such devices have heretofore depended on the use of strong resilient devices such as steel bars or coil springs which give a kick or vibration to the operated member when released by the electromagnets so that, for example, the electromagnets provide the power for the stroke in one direction and the springs provide the power for the stroke in the opposite direction. These resilient devices or springs must be strong and still so as to cause the operated member to have a quick snap when released from the electromagnets and therefore the power required to de fiect them is higher than is necessary if both directions of movement are eflected by electromagnetic power. With our apparatus the resilient support for the operated means is not depended upon to effect the return movement of said means and a relatively light resilient supporting means may therefore be used. A further advantage of this construction is that on account of the fact that the resilient means does not have to exert any considerable amount of power in the return motion of the operated means the said resilient means may be made of a material, such as wood, which does not become crystallized and break from constant vibration.

Yielding or resilient stop members, such as rubber bumpers, are also preferably provided for limiting the movement of the operated member in each direction by the respective electromagnetic devices.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention and referring thereto:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the electromagnetic vibrating means;

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the electrical operating connections for the electromagnetic vibrating means;

Fig. 4 is a graph of an alternating current wave illustrating the selection of rectified half waves for distribution to the respective members of the electromagnetic vibrating unit;

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic showing of a mechan ical rectifying apparatus which may be used for alternate energization of the respective electromagnetic units;

F'ig. 6 is a diagrammatic showing of an alternative mechanicalrectifier arrangement which may be used for alternate energization of the respective electromagnetic units from an A. C. or D. C. energy supply;

Fig. '7 is a diagrammatic showing of a motorgenerator arrangement whereby any desired frequency of alternate energization of the electromagnetic units may be obtained.

Our invention may be applied to operation of any vibrating means such as a screen, conveyor, feed box, etc., the operated vibrating means being indicated at I in Figs. 1 and 2 as being resiliently mounted on a suitable supporting means or frame for example by means of two parallel resilient wooden bars 2 disposed at the respective sides of the supporting frame and secured at their ends to uprights 3 and 4 of said frame so as to permit vibration of the intermediate portion of each bar in a plane perpendicular to the plane of said bars. Said resilient bars 2 are shown as connected to a cross bar 5 secured to the operated vibrating means I and to the resilient bars 2 approximately at mid-length thereof so that the member I is free to vibrate in a direction perpendicularly to the plane of the supporting bars 2. It will be understood that the member I may be mounted to vibrate in vertical, inclined or horizontal directions, according to the specific application of the same.

The electromagnetic operating means for the member I are preferably mounted on suitable supports 1 and 8 and comprise an electromagnetic unit at each side of the device, each such unit comprising an electromagnet III mounted on support I, an electromagnet II mounted on support 8, and separate armature means I2 and I3 for the respective electromagnets, secured to the intermediate portion of the resilient supporting bars. 2 at the corresponding side of the member I or otherwise connected to said member I so as to impart vibration thereto, the armature means I2 and I3 of each unit being mount-.

ed at opposite sides of the corresponding bar in the plane of vibration thereof. The core members and armatures for the respective electromagnets are preferably made of laminated soft iron to enable them to operate on rapidly intermittent current without objectionable lag or production of eddy currents. The armatures, being of soft iron, except for the momentary polarization due to the influence of the associated electromagnets, are not magnetically polarized, and are not provided with electric windings of coils for self-energization or self-polarization. The term armature as used herein and in the appended claims, will be understood to mean a non-polarized, non-energized armature of this type. The respective electromagnets Ill and II of each unit and their armature means I2 and I3 are so disposed as to cause the respective armatures to be attracted in opposite directions upon energization of the respective electromagnets. For this purpose, each armature I2 is shown as mounted above or at one side of the corresponding supporting member 2, and the electromagnet Ill therefor is mounted above or at the same side of said armature so as to attract the same upwardly or in a direction toward said one side, while each armature I3 is mounted below or at the other side of said member 2, and the corresponding electromagnet II is mounted below or at the other side of said armature so as to attract the same downwardly or in a direction toward said other side.

In Fig. 3, there is shown a wiring diagram for the electromagnetic unit at one side of the device only, it being understood that the other or I6, as the case may be.

electromagnetic unit may be similarly connected.

The coils or windings I5 of electromagnet III are connected by electrical connections I! and I8 to alternating current supply lines I9 and 20 which may be ordinary service lines of usual commercial frequency. One of these connections for example connection I1, includes a suitable rectifying means or electric check valve 2I, such as a copper oxide or thermionic tube rectifier, which operates to permit passage of a current impulse or half wave in one direction but to prevent the passage of a current impulse or half wave in the opposite direction. The windings or coils I6 of electromagnet II are also shown as connected to the same service lines I9 and 20 by electrical connections 22 and 23 one of which includes a rectifying means 21 which is adapted to permit passage of current impulses or half waves which are in opposite direction to the impulses transmitted through the rectifying means 2|. The operation of these rectifying units 2I and 24 is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 4 wherein the curve 22-!) is the graph of an alternating current, the positive half waves being shown above the horizontal line 11-11, representing zero current, and the negative half waves below that line in the usual manner, and the positive half waves being transmitted through connections I1 and I8 and rectifier 2I to the coil l5 whereas the negative half waves are transmitted through connections 22 and 23 and rectifier 24 to the coil I6.

The rectifiers 2| and 24 may be of any suitable type. We have used the so-called copperoxide rectifiers in practical operation with successful results.

Bumpers or stops indicated at 26 and 21 are mounted on the respective frame members I and 8 and are adapted to engage the resilient supporting means 2. These stops may be adjusted if necessary by suitable means such as shown at 29. The main function of these bumpers or stops is to limit or stop the travel of the armature in either direction before it strikes the magnet pole faces which would cause injury to the laminations. These stops or bumpers also tend to impart accelerating impulses to the armatures or vibrating members when released by the diminution of current in the energizing coils I5 The stops or bumpers 26 and 21 may be of rubber or any other suitable yielding or resilient material, and may if desired be dispensed with, but in that case the resilient members 2 must be made heavier, with the result that the construction is less resilient and will give correspondingly less vibration per unit of power. The stops may be normally in contact with the resilient means 2, or they may be normally slightly spaced from the same, as may be desired.

The energizing circuit may be a single phase alternating current supply circuit of any suitable or available frequency, for example 25 to 60 cycles per second, these being the frequencies ordinarily used in commercial lines. Suitable switch means 3| will be provided controlling connection between the energizing circuit and the electromagnetic means above described; also suitable adjustable resistances 32, or impedances, auto-transformers or other devices may be included in the circuit connections for controlling or regulating the intensity of the current supply to correspondingly control or regulate the operation of the apparatus.

In the operation of the apparatus the current supplied to the electromagnetic devices from the supply lines [9 and 20 is controlled by the rectifiers 2| and 24 in such manner that the positive impulses or half waves of current will be allowed to pass through rectifier 2| to the winding l5 but will be prevented by rectifier 24 from passing through rectifier 2| to coil l6; whereas the negative impulses or half waves alternating with the positive impulses or half waves will be permitted to pass through rectifier 24 to coil 16 but will be prevented by rectifier 2| from passing to coil l5. As the positive or negative impulses or half waves successively alternate or succeed one another in the operation of the alternating current, the windings l5 and I6 alternately energize electromagnets l and l I which operate upon the armatures I2 and I3 to produce the rapid reciprocation or vibration of the members 2 and of the member I connected thereto.

Any suitable means may be used for applying energizing current alternately to the two electromagnets of the operating units, for example, we can use instead of a copper-oxide rectifier any other form of electrical check valve such as a thermionic tube or electronic rectifier or a mechanical rectifier consisting of a rotating timer driven by a synchronous motor opgra tgd f rogrthe alterriat'in'gciir'rent supply circuit; or if suitable alternating current power is not available, direct current can be used by passing it through a combination timer and interrupter so as to produce pulsating current and deliver the successive pulsations alternately, first to one set of coils and then to the opposite set of coils repeatedly.

While we prefer to connect the apparatus directly to an operating alternating current circuit as above described and to avoid the use of supplemental apparatus such as frequency changers, rotary convertors or other apparatus for varying the characteristics of the operating current, such apparatus may be used if desired, for example, for increasing the frequency of the operating current when it is desired to vibrate the mechanism at increased speed for short periods for any reason.

In Figs. to 7 we have shown several modifications of the energizing circuit hook-up and referring particularly to Fig. 5, a half-speed synchronous motor 5| is shown operatively connected to a rotatable commutating switch 52 provided with suitable connection to alternating current energy supply lines 53 and 54 and arranged to deliver successive half-waves alternately to the respective electromagnet windings I5 and IS.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 6 may be used either with a source of alternating current energy supply or a source of direct current energy supply, the energy supply lines being designated at 55 and 55. In case the supply lines 55 and 56 provide alternating current of the desired frequency, the motor 51 operating the switch means 58 may be a full-speed synchronous motor and this arrangement will provide for delivery of successive halfwaves to the windings I5 and IS in the same manner as described in connection with Fig. 5. If the supply lines 55 and 55 provide a source of direct current energy, the motor 51 may be of any suitable type, and will serve to periodically connect first one and then the other of the windings l5 and I6 to the source of energy.

In Fig. 7 we have shown an arrangement in 5 which a motor 59 is connected to the supply lines 60 and SI of either an A. C. or D. C. supply circuit, and operates to drive an alternator 62 whose leads 63 and El are connected to the windings l5 and I6 through the use of associated copper oxide or thermionic tube rectifiers 2| and 24 respectively, in the same manner as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. This arrangement is useful where the respective windings are to be energized at a frequency different from the frequency existing in the supply lines 60 and BI or to utilize a direct current supply to drive an alternating current supply means, in which case the leads 63 and 64 become energy supply lines comparable to those shown at l9 and in Fig. 3.

We claim:

1. A vibratory apparatus comprising: a frame; an elongated resilient vibratory member mounted on said frame at its ends so as to permit vibration of the intermediate portion of said member in a directionperpendicular to the length thereof; operated means secured to said intermediate portion of said vibratory member; two separate non-polarized armature means mounted on said intermediate portion of said vibratory member at opposite sides of said member in the direction of vibration thereof; a pair of electromagnets secured to said frame and operatively associated with the respective armature means and acting oppositely thereon in said direction of vibration; and means for alternately supplying unidirectional energy to the respective electromagnets.

2. The invention set forth in claim 1, said resilient vibratory member consisting of a strip of wood.

3. A vibratory apparatus comprising: a frame; two parallel resilient bars disposed at the respective sides of said frame and mounted thereon at their ends so as to permit vibration of the intermediate portion of each bar in a plane perpendicular to the plane of said bars; operated means secured to said bars intermediate the ends thereof two separate non-polarized armature means mounted on the intermediate portion of each bar; a pair of electromagnets disposed at each 50 side of said frame and secured thereto, the electromagnets of each pair being operatively associated with the respective armature means on the bar at that side of the frame and acting oppositely thereon in said plane of vibration; and 55 means for alternately supplying unidirectional electrical energy to the respective electromagnets of each pair.

4. The invention set forth in claim 3, and comprising in addition: resilient stops positioned on said frame for engagement with said bars at opposite sides of said bars in said plane of vibration at positions removed from said armature means longitudinally of said bars.

HUGH E. WURZBACH. CLYDE H. KONOLD. 

